In 2007, to great fanfare and amid ever-greater expectations, a large-scale demonstration project was initiated to turn switchgrass into biofuel. For an investment of $70 million, the taxpayers of the state of Tennessee were promised a lucrative new industry that would benefit farmers and create thousands of other “green jobs.” The project, which was expected to produce five million gallons of biofuel from switchgrass within two years, would soon be fiscally self-sustaining and afford a “significant return” on investment. As the largest switchgrass demonstration project in the country, it was to have been the foundation for a whole new industry.
Sounds great, and it is just what the Tennessee legislature approved in 2007. When it began, “the University of Tennessee Biofuels Initiative,” as it is called, excited favorable comments in newspapers and media across the country. Finally, there would be a practical alternative to those nasty fossil fuels, and the great thing was that it would be produced from a hearty plant that could be grown on marginal land almost anywhere. Switchgrass was the answer to America’s dependence on foreign oil. It would restore the trade balance, boost the economy, and save the earth, all at the same time.
Now, according to the Knoxville News Sentinel, the Biofuels Initiative has reported that it is not yet producing 5 million gallons of switchgrass fuel. In fact, according to published reports, it would seem that it is not producing any fuel at all. The 250,000 gallons of ethanol that it is producing have been distilled from corn cobs—a process akin to one already quite common, if not notorious, in the state of Tennessee.
According to figures from the U.S. Department of Energy, a biofuels facility of the sort envisioned would not be feasible unless it produced five million gallons per year. But according to a report by the executive director of the Fiscal Review Committee of the Tennessee state legislature, it appears certain that the Biofuels Initiative will not be “self-sufficient,” as promised, within five years. Having initially promised that the plant would produce five million gallons with the goal of demonstrating the feasibility of switchgrass, the project director now seems to regard the initiative as a “research project.” The feasibility issue will have to wait until some time in the future.
The project has cost the state $55 million, not counting additional federal funding and state subsidies to farmers growing switchgrass. Now members of the legislature are quoted as saying that the project is “not good stewardship of taxpayer dollars” and that continued funding “may need re-evaluation.” The director of the project insists that the State Building Commission approved changes, but it appears that the legislature at large was not aware of them. Whether the legislature will continue funding the Biofuels Initiative, and at what level, will be determined after November 15.
Altogether, more than $90 million has been spent on the University of Tennessee Biofuels Initiative with no end in sight. On the national scale, tens of billions of dollars are being spent on similar alternative energy subsidies and research with little to show for it.
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At that point, that $90 million spent on switchgrass research, and all of the other funds squandered on alternative energy research, would certainly come in handy, but it will be too late. China will be sitting pretty atop the world’s largest fossil fuel reserves. Americans will be sitting around hoping the wind keeps blowing.
The idea that any of the “green” projects have any real economic potential is pure fantasy. We already have the most efficient energy sources available to us: the stored and concentrated solar energy contained in coal, oil and natural gas.