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Wednesday, November 01, 2006

Population Check

Here is what Dr. Allan Thornhill has to say:


“between the years 1967 and 1997 the annual global population growth rage declined from 2.07% to 1.33%. That’s nearly a 40% reduction in only 30 years! Good for us! However, note that nearly the SAME NUMBER of people were added last year as were added in 1968, a year when the growth rate was nearly 40% faster than it is now...huh?



With a population of 4 billion (it was a little less than that in 1967), a 2.07% growth rate gives you a net addition of about 82 million people per year. At this rate, it would only take 24 years to add another 2 billion people to the human population. Race forward 24 years (or 30 years if we want to compare 1967 and 1997) and note that sure enough, you are have a human population of 6 billion (in 1999), but it is ONLY growing at a rate of 1.33% per annum (there’s that 40% reduction in growth rate)! Don’t get too excited, however… Do the math and you will note that we are still adding about 80 million people per year, suggesting it will only take another 24 years to add another 2 billion people to the population. This is an example of what we call lag time--like a fully-loaded ocean liner, these very large population sizes have momentum of their own that resist change in speed or direction, even when you have taken your foot off the accelerator (which we have not done yet).



How long does it take to slow this ship? Even at our current *decreasing* growth rates (that is, even if we continue to slow the growth rate to less that 1.33% per year), our population will increase by 2 billion people in under 25 years. With a population of 8 billion we would have to drop our growth rate to 1% per year just to maintain the current rate of number of individuals being added each year (about 80 million) in above scenario. In other words, with 8 billion people (in say, the year 2024) we would need to lower our net growth rate to 1% per year to add ONLY an additional 80 million people per year to our population. That’s only a 33% reduction of growth rate from 25 years earlier, so that should be easy, yes?



Let’s say we are can continue to do the amazing and reduce our populations growth rate by 40% each 25 years, when do we reach a population size where we are adding a minimal number of individuals each year, or, even reach zero population growth (ZPG, where there is no net increase in numbers of humans per year)? In other words, when does the ship come to a stop and just float? The current slowing rate (40% per 25 years) puts us at about 12-13 billion people in 150 years—at that point we will only be adding about 8 million added per year (an order of magnitude fewer than this year, or next year). Note that this is NOT ZPG, however, but it is a lot closer than we are now!

There is no reason to believe that we cannot decrease the population growth rate even faster than 40% per 25 years or 1.6% per year (that would be slowing the acceleration faster than we are slowing the acceleration now) and if so, we can hope that the population growth rate will slow to zero (no net growth) within the next 100 years. Even so, the global human population will be 10-12 billion people, twice what it is today.”

Comments

Troy, get off that wagon and take a look at places like Western Europe, Japan and even the United Stated (minus immigration from abroad) ..in Russia, Italy and many other countries the government actyally offers to pay women to have babies, yet not enough take the offer.

anonomisly on November 1, 2006 at 01:48 pm

anonomisly:  According to the book “Menace in Europe” Italy has no such program.  In fact that’s a political taboo to even talk about because Mussolini did have such a program.  Italy has one of the lowest birth rates in the developed world.

I don’t have such a source for Russia but I doubt they still have that program.  I did just read that they do have a very generous maternity benefit.  However their population is crashing also.

The US nearly stands alone for developed countries having an internal growth rate.

The European countries have a huge problem as when the current workers retire there will be on one to replace the workers.  Who pays Social Security.

I have no idea what Troy’s point of the article was.  However I must point out that we are not running out of resources or room.  If his point is that we need to control populations, I disagree with him.


What’s going to happen to US industry when the global warming extremists like John McCain double the price of electricity?  I would think all these factories will close and set up in countries where they aren’t scared of technology.


The Whistler's signature
The Whistler on November 1, 2006 at 02:22 pm

its in great part the local governments that are doing it in Italy,

Italian women shun ‘mamma’ role
Birth rates in the European Union are falling fast. 

Last year, the government introduced a “baby bonus” to try to encourage families to have more children.

Since then, more than 600,000 mothers have each received 1,000 euros from the government towards the cost of their new-born babies.

Here’s the online version of an article I recently read in the WSJ-dead tree edition

Even widely considered poor/third-world countries in Europe are doing it, ..

Wall Street Journal recently:

Population Control: In Estonia, Paying Women to Have Babies Is Paying Off; As Low Birthrates Threaten Growth, Developed Nations Watch Incentive Effort; $1,560 a Month for Annaliisa

anonomisly on November 1, 2006 at 02:47 pm

..Australia are has an extremely proactive program of trying to atract foreigners and paying womens to have babies too.

Here’re some excerpts from of the Wall Street Journal article, in case you’re not a subscriber:

Population Control: In Estonia, Paying Women to Have Babies Is Paying Off; As Low Birthrates Threaten Growth, Developed Nations Watch Incentive Effort; $1,560 a Month for Annaliisa

Pia Kurro sat cross-legged on her bed in a drab, Soviet-era maternity ward that smelled of detergent and old linoleum and breast-fed her two-day-old daughter, Syria, who owes her existence to state subsidies.

In return for having the child, Ms. Kurro will receive the equivalent of $1,560 a month from her government for over a year, a lot of money in a country where the average monthly salary is $650.
...

A handful of developed countries, including the Nordic nations and France, have stable populations thanks to a long tradition of financial support for families. But for other countries in Europe and Asia that have already seen steep falls in birthrates..

The fertility rate in the 30 countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the club of the world’s leading industrialized democracies, was only 1.6 in 2005, down from 2.4 in 1970. Mexico, at 2.4, is the highest, with South Korea the lowest at 1.1. Demographers say the decline is due to fundamental changes in society. They include: greater economic opportunities for women; advances in birth control that have made reproduction a matter of choice rather than accident; and the spread of ideas about individual freedom and happiness that are hard to reconcile with caring for a large family.

..

Some European countries are experimenting with monthly cash compensation to women who leave work to have babies, including Lithuania, Austria and Slovenia. Starting next year, Germany and Bulgaria plan to pay new mothers benefits linked to their previous earnings. Russian President Vladimir Putin, who bemoaned his country’s lack of children in his last state-of-the-nation speech in May, has also promised more aid to parents.

Elsewhere, Australia introduced in 2004 a one-time bonus per baby, currently worth about $3,000. The fertility rate is believed to have risen slightly thanks to a combination of the incentive and a booming economy, but is still around 1.8. Australia’s finance minister has even exhorted parents to “do your patriotic duty tonight,” echoing similar campaigns in the city-state of Singapore, which is still struggling with a fertility rate that hovers barely above 1.2. South Korea has introduced several policies this year, including more financial aid for day care and for fertility treatment

.

France and the Nordic countries suggests that incentives can have an impact. For example, women in Sweden and Norway, which support families with generous benefits, labor laws and child care, have close to two children on average. “Where there are consistent family-oriented policies in place for a long time, people have more children,” says Tomas Sobotka of the Vienna Institute of Demography.

The main exception to the rule is the U.S., where the average woman has two children, despite only modest public support for families, largely via tax breaks. Demographers say America’s tradition of mass immigration and its large minority populations make it unusual among developed nations. Hispanics, in particular, boost national fertility, with more than three children per woman. The U.S.’s population passed 300 million this week, according to the Census Bureau’s estimate. About 55% of America’s population growth is due to legal and illegal immigrants and their children, according to the Population Reference Bureau in Washington

(I believe the White population in the United States is actually declining too)

anonomisly on November 1, 2006 at 02:58 pm

...we can hope that the population growth rate will slow to zero (no net growth) within the next 100 years.

I don’t hope for that. I hope humanity increases it’s numbers by many billions. I hope that we have some kind of base on the moon and on Mars within the next 100 years.

Think big Troy. It won’t hurt you.

likwidshoe on November 2, 2006 at 06:26 am

I hope that we have some kind of base on the moon and on Mars within the next 100 years.

What will this achieve?


"All the perplexities, confusion and distress in America arise not from defects in their Constitution or Confederation, nor from want of honor or virtue, so much as downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation.”
- John Adams

Troy_Pineri on November 2, 2006 at 07:13 am

What will this achieve?

Nothing, I mean - we all die in the end, right?

But seriously, it achieves a chance at humanity surviving and going beyond this world onto other worlds. We’ve got about four to five billion years to figure things out before two things simultaneously happen: 1. our sun dies. 2. our galaxy crashes into Andromeda.

Another thing that it achieves is that it allows for untold riches and higher living standards and it would put your silly concerns solidly into the silly category.

At least that’s how I look at it. I don’t share your foreboding outlook. I say: bring on more people, and with it, all of the knowledge, arts, and general good fun that they provide.

likwidshoe on November 2, 2006 at 07:27 am

Another thing that it achieves is that it allows for untold riches and higher living standards and it would put your silly concerns solidly into the silly category.

It doesn’t put any concerns to rest. Play it out… If the world population continues to double every 50 years in one hundred years from now our planet could have a population of 24 billion people. Can the earth support that. Lets say yes.  After another 50 years could the planet support 48 billion, probably not.  So lets make the assumption that earth can support 24 billion people. Within 50 years of reaching this hypothetical population or 150 years from now, we would need to colonize another planet; be it Mars or some new planet, but what next.  After another 50 years the population of earth would be 24 billion and the poputlation of Mars would be 24 billion. So we (the human race) would now need to colonize two additional planets, and 50 years later another 4, and then 8, etc. 

I did some research on a group of people that lived in a remote mountain valley in Switzerland. They called their valley “Loetschental” and have been living there sufficiently and sustainably for about 1250 years, and they still do. This society performs a special form of agriculture that is not totalitarian, yet has been a sustainable kind. And this small civilization runs very differently from ours. They raise three livestock animals--cattle, goats, and sheep (for wool, meat, and dairy) on the same pasture, hence no need to change the contents of the diversity of the pasture. Also, pasture is only around during the growing season--about 4 months a year--so hay grown there is used to feed the cattle the rest of the year, and food is stored for winter feeding. They plant salad greens in gardens together, NOT on monocropped fields, and although they have single rye fields, they rotate their crops. Since the valley is about 7000 feet above sea level, they have a very short growing season. Where they plant rye and hay one year they do not plant rye the next year. They do not attempt to invade and conquer any neighboring villages, and do not try to make more of anything. They have a complete sense of limit. They grow the same amount every year--the amount needed to sustain their fixed population of 2,000--and no more. Also, the wooden buildings in their valley never are torn down, the ones that exist now have existed since the dawn of the settlement. They also use no pesticides or hormones to raise productivity, they let Nature take its course to feed their livestock and they feed whatever the pastures offer. They may water their crops, but they do not try to control nature. They have made no attempts to hunt down the competitors (Wolves or foxes). They may try to defend their livestock if attacked, but do not try to kill off the attackers. They have no hierarchal systems. Everyone shares the good times and the bad times together in the village. Yet they have all the good artifices of civilization--a culture, recorded history, an annual holiday celebration, and the ability to communicate ideas to the whole village.

Now I am not advocating this system, but a similar system in theory.


"All the perplexities, confusion and distress in America arise not from defects in their Constitution or Confederation, nor from want of honor or virtue, so much as downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation.”
- John Adams

Troy_Pineri on November 2, 2006 at 01:52 pm

TP: Do you know what an “irrational extrapolation” is?

BTW, you may choose to limit yourself all you want; it is totalitarian to impose that on anyone who does not choose it freely.  Your plan might work for a very small group who all feel related to each other, and who have little individual variation among them.


Hope and change, in a free world, are the private possessions of motivated individuals.

robert108 on November 2, 2006 at 02:57 pm

TP: I don’t appreciate your using my writing to advance your agenda; you did not ask my permission, and I do not grant it.  Please remove it, because I don’t support any of your ideas at all.


Hope and change, in a free world, are the private possessions of motivated individuals.

robert108 on November 2, 2006 at 02:59 pm

my writing to advance your agenda;

I just wrote in response to something you wrote


"All the perplexities, confusion and distress in America arise not from defects in their Constitution or Confederation, nor from want of honor or virtue, so much as downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation.”
- John Adams

Troy_Pineri on November 2, 2006 at 03:05 pm

TP: False; you used it to head your personal post.  A response would have been in a thread.  Please remove my words from your article; you do not have my permission to use them in that way.


Hope and change, in a free world, are the private possessions of motivated individuals.

robert108 on November 2, 2006 at 03:08 pm

R108-

What about this do you not agree with?


"All the perplexities, confusion and distress in America arise not from defects in their Constitution or Confederation, nor from want of honor or virtue, so much as downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation.”
- John Adams

Troy_Pineri on November 2, 2006 at 03:12 pm

It is easier to say what I don’t agree with: 100% of it.


Hope and change, in a free world, are the private possessions of motivated individuals.

robert108 on November 2, 2006 at 04:26 pm

let play a game of dynamics. I go first, ..
..50 years from now we will have the technology to turn the Sahara green ..

anonomisly on November 2, 2006 at 04:40 pm

R108 -

You don’t agree that over time the population of the earth is going to increase?


"All the perplexities, confusion and distress in America arise not from defects in their Constitution or Confederation, nor from want of honor or virtue, so much as downright ignorance of the nature of coin, credit and circulation.”
- John Adams

Troy_Pineri on November 2, 2006 at 07:35 pm

TP: I agree that it will continue to increase at an ever diminishing rate of increase.  At some point, if conditions continue to be roughly similar to the way they are now, it will reach an equilibrium point, then possibly start to decrease absolutely.
The very first paragraph of your post contained some faulty reasoning about rates and numbers, and so I didn’t have a good impression of it.  The rest sounded like scareology based on the faulty premises in the first paragraph, combined with some additional faulty premises based on what I referred to as “irrational extrapolation”.  I’m a bit under the weather with some nasty bronchitis, and so don’t have the energy to do a point by point for you.  This partial synopsis is the best I can do right now.  Sorry.  A lot of the article you used sounds like similar reasoning to the Y2K fiasco.  My conclusion in general is that population is a self-limiting situation.


Hope and change, in a free world, are the private possessions of motivated individuals.

robert108 on November 2, 2006 at 08:07 pm
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