North Dakota Considering “Stand Your Ground” Legislation

House Bill 1319 was introduced in North Dakota’s legislature yesterday. It is a piece of legislation that would remove language from the state century code requiring a person to avoid deadly violence in defense of self or others if possible. What that means, essentially, is that current state law requires you to try and run away from an attacker before you can turn and defend yourself.
The law, as amended by HB1319, would read like this:

Deadly force is justified in the following instances:
[...]
b. When used in lawful self-defense, or in lawful defense of others, if the force is necessary to protect the actor or anyone else against death, serious bodily injury, or the commission of a felony involving violence. An individual does not have the duty to retreat if the individual is in a place where that individual has a right to be.

The bolded language above is what is being added. It is replacing, in part, this language:

The use of deadly force is not justified if it can be avoided, with safety to the actor and others, by retreat or other conduct involving minimal interference with the freedom of the person menaced. A person seeking to protect someone else must, before using deadly force, try to cause that person to retreat, or otherwise comply with the requirements of this provision, if safety can be obtained thereby.

Seems like common sense, no? Rather than requiring those in danger from an attacker to fulfill silly avoidance requirements before he/she can turn and defend themselves, it recognizes that law-abiding citizens have a right to defend themselves if attacked immediately and without hesitation.
Update: By the way, if you support this legislation you really should contact your local legislators and let ‘em know how you feel.

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  • http://magyartruth.blogspot.com/ Chief RZ

    jpe– on use of force to stop an attacker: It is the perogative of the one defending his life, property or wife to use what force he deems necessary in our state. In England, Australia and NZ (I think), the defender must not harm his attacker (give him what he wants, rape his wife, etc). If you like, I can find some links of the grandfather who defended his own house after several breakins. He went to jail, can not leave England for the free USA and the attackers are roaming the streets today!

  • HG

    Now I know this is a slightly different angle, but since it is legal to kill someone for attempting murder, why is it not ok to kill (death penalty) him if he is successful in his attempt and convicted of murder? It seems to me if he was deserving of death for attempting murder, he is even more deserving for committing murder.

    Any takers?

  • http://www.bikebubba.blogspot.com/ Robert Perry

    When I took a carry permit class, I was told about this provision in MN law (we are a “must retreat if practical” state), and the instructor noted that even if MN became a “stand your ground” state, he’d continue to advise permit holders to try to retreat. In most cases, it’s simply a better tactical decision–and who wants to kill a man if he doesn’t need to, anyways?

    I personally don’t see the issue here; yes, police chiefs have all too often taken Brady Campaign “evidence” as gospel. Moreover, another consistent provision of carry law is the duty to be a “reluctant participant”–that is, you’re forced into a confrontation, not inciting it. Retreat, when practical, demonstrates that one is a reluctant participant. Needlessly standing one’s ground, on the other hand, argues against this.

    In other words, they have no ground to stand on–pun intended.

  • http://sayanythingblog.com/readers/entry/homosexuality_is_wrong_-_a_compendium move_zig

    All this discussion as to Self Defense.

    This, almost completely stuffed down the Memory Hole:

    The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed, and this without any qualification as to their condition or degree, as is the case in the British government…. This may be considered as the true palladium of liberty… The right of self-defense is the first law of nature; in most governments it has been the study of rulers to confine this right within the narrowest limits possible. Whenever standing armies are kept up, and the right of the people to keep and bear arms is, under any color or pretext whatsoever, prohibited, liberty, if not already annihilated, is on the brink of destruction.
    –St. George Tucker, Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England(1803)

  • http://magyartruth.blogspot.com/ Chief RZ

    Paulie B — I agree. Law abiding citizens should not have to “run out the back door of your own house”–letting a criminal then shoot you in the back, steal your things and rape your wife and children. Period.

    Here are two real cases, just this week that are excellent outcomes of South Carolina’s Castle Defense.

  • http://www.bikebubba.blogspot.com/ Robert Perry

    Rob, Agreed–and this is the most common provision that gets people into trouble. The three other provisions are “reluctant participant,” “no lesser force will do,” and “immediate fear of grievous bodily harm or death.” If someone comes at you with a pistol, all three of these are immediately in play. It’s only the question of whether you can, or should even try to, retreat.

  • http://www.bikebubba.blogspot.com/ Robert Perry

    Chief, it actually turns out that most states have “make my day” laws inasmuch as the home is concerned. When someone comes into your home to commit a felony (e.g. burglary), you don’t need to retreat, demonstrate that no lesser force would do, or demonstrate that you had immediate fear of death of grievous bodily harm.

    As gun owners (and burglars) often know this, perhaps this explains why only 12% of burglaries in the U.S. are of occupied homes. :^) Check with your state law, of course, but in general, the laws Rob is getting at here apply to carry permit holders in public.

  • HG

    Nevermind my question here. I’ll post this question on a reader blog. I don’t want to hijak this thread.

  • 2Hotel9

    Here in PA Ed”Da Thug”Rendell is all atwitter over anti-gun legislation he wants to force through, planning to withhold state funding from roads and waterway projects to get the votes. He is quite open and loud about his plans.

    In most counties it is a fill-out-the-paper formality to get a CC permit, that and plenty of carry regardless. Living in the boonies and hunting alot have their obvious advantages.

  • http://sayanythingblog.com/readers/entry/homosexuality_is_wrong_-_a_compendium move_zig

    Well it’s about time ‘Stand Your Ground’ comes to ND. We just passed it here in Fla. over a hue and cry from Police-Statists, who screamed of blood in the streets — yadda yadda yadda. Much in the same way as when Fla. was one of the first states to pass mandatory CCW issue.

    In the time since Bush replaced Clinton, CCW legislation has made great advances. First was simply to win back the right to carry and later to be actually use a weapon in self defense without getting reamed.

    Many states, last time I checked, still have ‘duty to retreat’ provisions in their criminal code. When I first looked into the issue, I was surprised by how strict cowboy country (heartland) states were when it came to concealed carry. Missouri has been battling the issue for a long time and Illinois is still pretty danged harsh (up there with the Left Coast, NY, NJ, MA and DC).

    If duty to retreathas been repealed in most states, I will be very pleased, but surprised. There’s still lots of bad law on the books.

  • HG

    jpe,

    see my reader blog. I’ll respond to your post there if you’ll post your anwser.

  • jpe

    Law abiding citizens should not have to “run out the back door of your own house”–letting a criminal then shoot you in the back, steal your things and rape your wife and children.

    The standard is that one has to retreat if practicable. If a guy is pointing a gun at you, turning around and running isn’t practicable for the reason you cite.

    That said, these laws should track common sense – and common sense tells me that if a guy is coming at me with a knife (the standard legal hypo for this law), he’s fair game. I’m a vengeful person, though (I’m the bizarro world Catholic: I’m consistently opposed to presumptions of rights to life).

  • jpe

    since it is legal to kill someone for attempting murder, why is it not ok to kill (death penalty) him if he is successful in his attempt and convicted of murder?

    I don’t think this is a hijack cuz the answer is fairly simple. We allow killing for self-defense because it’s necessary. You don’t punish the innocent (allow him to be murdered), but let them defend themselves. By contrast, the killer in jail is not an immediate threat. The killing no longer serves the purpose of protecting, but is done for retributive purposes.

  • http://magyartruth.blogspot.com/ Chief RZ

    Robert Perry. You are correct except in New York and a few other states that require the homeowner to retreat and “run away” as I have posted. The same is true in England. Read my blog here for a case involving a situation “away from home”, in a parking lot!

  • http://www.bikebubba.blogspot.com/ Robert Perry

    HG, the trick is simply that when you’re not in the situation itself, you don’t know beyond a reasonable doubt that the man is the murderer, and hence to allow vengeance killings deprives the accused of his due process.

  • Paulie B

    We don’t require that cops flee from deadly attackers.

    We wouldn’t expect our officers to flee from a situation like that, so why then would we expect our citizens to?

    Exactly. Of the people – For the people – By the people.

  • Paulie B

    Soldiers have to deal with this on a day to day basis with the media in Iraq. “Did that soldier/marine really need to shoot that person?” (a la the Marine in Falujah some time back who shot a guy who was pretending to be dead) Law abiding citizens shouldn’t be the people that live in fear.

    The re-writing of this law does not prevent anyone from attempting to flee first. It gives the vicitm the freedom to choose his actions.

  • HG

    Rob P,

    Look here.

  • http://sayanythingblog.com robport

    Robert, my big problem laws requiring me to flee threats to my person and others is one of a concern over vague legislation.

    I’m not really sure I want to leave it up to a prosecutor, or a judge, to decide whether or not I made enough of an effort to flee a threat to meet the criteria set out in current law.

    Prosecutors, not surprisingly, are quite fond of legislation that gives them a lot of discretion in applying the law. I often think that some prosecutors would be happy to have our laws written so vaguely that nearly all individual activity is criminalized so that the only thing keeping us out of prison at any given moment is their discretion.

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